Term · Risks & Red Flags

Customer and revenue concentration

CoreAlso: Customer Concentration; revenue concentration
In briefCustomer or revenue concentration measures what share of revenue, earnings or receivables is attributable to a few customers. If a single major customer drops out, growth, capacity utilisation, working capital and covenants often come under pressure at the same time.

Definition

Customer or revenue concentration measures what share of revenue, earnings or receivables is attributable to a few customers.

How it is calculated

Formula. Example: revenue share of the top-1, top-5 or top-10 customers; additionally check earnings contribution, receivables and contract terms.

Why it matters for small caps

The loss of a single major customer can burden growth, capacity utilisation, working capital and covenants at the same time.

Common misreadings

  • Only the revenue share is considered. Bargaining power, margin, notice period and substitutability are equally important.

Frequently asked

What is revenue concentration?
It indicates how strongly revenue depends on a few customers. It is common to look at the shares of the largest one, five or ten customers.
How do you assess customer concentration?
In addition to the revenue share, what counts is the earnings contribution, receivables and contract terms. Bargaining power, margin and the substitutability of customers also belong to it.
What risk does high customer concentration carry?
If a major customer drops out, it can hit several metrics at once. Anyone who looks only at the revenue share easily underestimates the dependence.

Sources

Methodology
Category: Risks & Red Flags · Company & event risksRelevance: CoreJurisdiction: International

Education only, not investment advice. Ranges and thresholds are didactic orientation values, not an official standard.